PENELOPE (PENNIE) SCALF PARKER
(Daughter of Lewis Scalf)

A brief review of the travels of Lewis Scalf is presented in this chapter for the purposes of identifying where this family was living in conjunction with the Parker family who is believed to have marital connections to the Scalf family. The Parker family story, as it relates to the Scalf family, begins in 1800 Surry County, North Carolina. It is possible this connection begins prior to 1800, but at this time we are in the process of researching this. For the purposes of this chapter we will begin with the 1784-1787 census/tax list of Johnston County, North Carolina.

Recall that Lewis Scalf was listed in the 1784 tax list of Johnston County, North Carolina taxed with one white poll. He is then found in the 1787 Johnston County State Census listed with seven males and four females. A total of eleven people were in the home. His name is listed as LEIWAS CALF. It should be noted as well that this information was taken from a transcribed copy of the original tax list and the spelling may be a transcribing error.

We know that Lewis had sons, John Sr., Benjamin, David, and William but this only accounts for five males in the home including Lewis. The 1787 census suggests there were two more males in the home. We also cannot determine their ages by this census.

One category lists one male 21 - 60, which we would assume to be Lewis. However, one category lists six males, all either 21 years old or under or 60 years old or over. We do not know if the males were under 21 or over 60, or possibly both. One category lists four females of all ages.

To break this down in a more reasonable explanation, Lewis should be the male listed 21-60 and head of house. The other mails in the home are 21 or under and/or 60 or over. It is not likely that Lewis would have been listed again in the category of 21 and under and 60 or over because he was neither, so there were six males in this category alone.

John Sr. married in this year but he is not found as head of house, so assuming he and his wife Edy were in the home with Lewis he would be listed as one of the males 21 years old our under, although he should have been around 22 if he was born 1765 and no later.

Benjamin, David, and William should be the other three sons 21 and under. This would be a total of four sons in the home with all four being listed in the column of 21 years old and under. There are still two more males in the home we do not know about.

There were a total of four females in the home. These females should have been Elizabeth (wife of Lewis), Edy Carlilse (wife of John Sr.) and the two daughters of Lewis. This would account for the females listed. There were only six known children of Lewis and this census correlates with this information with the exception of the two extra males on this census.

1787 Census of Johnston County, NC

Column #1: Last Name.
Column #2: First Name.
Column #3: White Males 21 - 60 years old.
Column #4: White Males 21 and under and 60 and over.
Column #5: Females of all ages.
Column #6: Blacks 12 - 50 years old.
Column #7: Blacks under 12 and over 50.

We could assume several things from this census but the bottom line would be, we have no way of knowing exactly who was in the home of Lewis Scalf at this time. An analysis of whom I believe to have been in the home on these two census records is made here from the available information concerning the children of Lewis Scalf.

What we do know is, Lewis Scalf married Elizabeth Blackburn in 1777 in Halifax County, North Carolina according to Elmer Scalf's book, Scalf Family History. I have been unable to produce this record and I have no knowledge of where Elmer found this marriage; however, the search for this record continues. We also know that Lewis is believed to have been married prior to his marriage to Elizabeth Blackburn in 1777 and all of the children with the exception of William were born before his first wife's death.

It is a matter of record that Edy Carlisle Scalf stated that she and John Sr. married (1787) in the same year this census/tax list was taken. They are most likely in the home here since John cannot be found as head of house at this time.

We have no way of knowing exactly when the children of Lewis were born but records indicate that at least one daughter might have been born between Benjamin and David. The other daughter was most likely born after David. If the birth date of 1772 is correct for David, one daughter could have been born 1773 or 1774. Later census records suggest that one daughter was born about 1774.

If David S. Scalf, son of Lewis, were born around 1772 he would have been around fifteen years old on the 1787 census and would not have been married. William should have been only seven or eight years old if his birth date of 1780 is correct. If John Sr. was born 1765; Benjamin born 1767; David born 1772, then at least one girl could have been born between Benjamin and David. Most likely, Sarah Scalf Capps was the daughter born between Benjamin and David.

We do not know which Caps family member Sarah married; therefore, we do not know which Caps family to follow on the census to estimate her birth. Possibly someone from the Capps family can help us with this family.

Incidentally, there are Caps families living nearby in Johnston County, North Carolina. However, we have no way of knowing at this time, if one of these males might have been the husband of Sarah Scalf. It is possible one of these families living nearby was the father of her husband and if so, it would most likely be William Caps Sr.

Also noted on this tax/census list of 1784-1787 is another family living in Johnston County that may or may not be connected to the Scalf family.

Going next to the 1790 census of Edgecombe County, North Carolina (a neighboring county) reveals that the surname is again spelled CALF. The family is listed as follows:

Table for the 1790 census:

1) Free white males 16 years old and upwards including head of families
2) Free white males under 16 years
3) Free white females
4) All other free persons
5) Slaves

CALF, Lewis

Two males - 16 and up.
Three males - 16 and under.
Five females

This census reveals several things. One, there are now five males in the home and five females. Two males from the 1787 census are missing here and a female is added. John Sr. was again not found as head of house and assumed to be living in the home of Lewis in 1790 as well.

In her statement in Hawkins County, Tennessee, Edy Carlisle Scalf (wife of John Sr.) states that she had two daughters born 1788 and 1789 respectively. Two of the females in the home were most likely these two daughters. Lewis would be one of the males 16 and up with John Sr. being the other. We can assume that Benjamin, David, and William would be the three males 16 and under although this conflicts with their assumed ages. This census appears to account for the known males in the family of Lewis Scalf.

There are five females listed here. We know that one must be Lewis' wife, Elizabeth, and one should be Edy Carlisle, wife of John Sr. If John Sr. and Edy were living in the home, two of the females should have been Nancy and Polly, children of John and Edy. This would account for four females. The last female would be one of the daughters of Lewis not yet married.

Note that the two unidentified males from the 1787 census are missing. My analysis of these two census records suggest that at least one daughter was married at the time of the 1787 census and living in the home of Lewis with her husband. If this is correct, one of the unknown males listed on the 1787 census could have been the husband of one daughter and the other male, a young son of this couple. If this analysis is correct, all of the children of Lewis would be accounted for on these two census records.

Living nearby are William, John, Robert and Clark Carlile. This is the family of Edy Carlisle/Carlile according to the Carlile wills. Lewis and his family are living between these families. Interestingly, two William Blackburn's are also living nearby and a number of the Bell family who were also relatives of Edy Carlisle Scalf. What, if any, relation these two William Blackburn's may have been to Elizabeth Blackburn (wife of Lewis) is unknown. One Robert Carlisle married Sarah Coleman but contrary to the belief of some researchers, this was not the father of Edy. (See Wills of the Carlisle family).

Again, a Parker family is also found nearby. Gabril and Matthew Parker from the 1787 census of Johnston County are found still living in Johnston County in 1790. Gabril's name is now spelled Gabriel and Matthew is listed, as Matthew Sr. There is a Hardy Parker now listed on the 1790 census of Johnston County but was not listed in 1784-1787. Keep in mind that Johnston County is a neighboring county of Edgecombe. We find a Francis, Caden (Cadar), (possibly Decatur?) and a Jonas Parker in Edgecombe County near the Scalf family in 1790.

In one of the statements made later in Hawkins County, Tennessee, by Edy Carlisle Scalf, Edy stated that she married her husband, John Scalf, Sr., in the county of Edgcombe, in the state of North Carolina in 1787. John's father, Lewis Scalf was living in Johnston County in 1787 but the Carlisle/Carlile family was living in the Fishing Creek area of Tarboro in Edgecombe County in 1787.

Johnston and Edgecombe were neighboring counties and marriages generally took place in the county of the bride. This would suggest that John and Edy might have been neighbors, yet living in different counties at this time. This would also suggest that the Parker family was living near them in different counties and may all be from the same Parker family.

1790 Census of Edgecombe County, NC

Going to the 1800 census of Surry County, North Carolina we find Lewis again with the name spelled SCALF at this time. Nearby is a Joseph Parker family. The number of people in the home of Lewis is now eight. There are four males and four females. John Sr. is living nearby and is now head of house with two daughters and one son. We know from the pension papers of John Sr. that Nancy, Polly and John Jr. were born 1788, 1789 and 1790 if Edy was correct in her statements.

According to this census, it would appear that possibly Benjamin or David had married at this time and was living with Lewis as there is a male aged 16 - 26 and a female aged 16 - 26. Lewis and Elizabeth fall in the category of 26 - 45 years old. There are two more males and two more females. I believe at least one of the males to be William, son of Lewis. A search of the Surry census and the nearby counties did not reveal that Benjamin or David were head of house on this census. At least, not in this area of North Carolina although both were probably married at this time. This could be Benjamin or David in the home with a wife.

1800 SURRY CO, NC

SCALF, Lewis

Living nearby Lewis is the Joseph Parker family and John Scalf Sr.

SCALF, John

1800 SURRY CO, NC

PARKER,Joseph

This census reveals that one of Lewis' daughters, whom I believe to have been Penelope (Pennie) Scalf who married Joseph Parker had married between 1790 and 1800. A record of the birth of their first child, Squire, reveals that he was born 1797. Due to this information, Pennie and Joseph most likely married 1790-1795 and Pennie would probably have been the daughter in the home of Lewis Scalf in 1790. This suggests that Sarah Scalf Capps probably married 1787 - 1790 and was most likely the oldest daughter of Lewis Scalf. She may have been born between Benjamin and David since there is a span of four -to- five years between Benjamin and David's births. Pennie was most likely born 1772-1774 and this does correlate with later records.

By 1810 Lewis had moved over to nearby Wilkes County and is found on that census with his wife and another female, age 16 - 26. Living nearby Lewis is his son, William who is now married. The Joseph Parker family, the James Cap family, David and Benjamin Scalf are found living in nearby Iredell County. Wilkes County was formed from Surry and Iredell was formed from parts of Surry and Wilkes. Rowan County was the parent county of Surry. Benjamin's wife was Ceely Ann Koziah/Keziah according to the court record of Wilkes County, North Carolina and Keziah family members are found living near the Scalf family as well.

Interestingly, Lewis and Elizabeth still have a female in the home age 16 - 26 on this census and according to other information, both daughters of Lewis should be married at this time. This might have been a daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth born after William or it may be a grandchild living in the home.

1810 WILKES COUNTY, NC

SCALF, Lewis

 
1810 WILKES COUNTY,  NC

SCALF, William

William Scalf (son of Lewis) had married since the 1800 census enumeration and had a son and daughter near or at 10 years of age . This would place William's marriage date around 1800-1805. The son was most likely his blind son, Martin Scalf, who is found in later records with an estimated birth date of 1803-1805.

The Joseph Parker family is living six doors down from David Scalf who is now listed as head of house. On the previous census of 1800, Joseph Parker had a son born 1790 - 1800 and would indicate that Joseph married around 1790-1795. This census would estimate Joseph and his wife's birth around 1765 - 1784. The prior census indicates a birth date for his wife of 1774 - 1784. Considering these two census records, it appears Pennie could have been born 1774 and was at least 26 years old in 1800. A later census record (1830) suggests she was born 1790 - 1800; however, as most folks did in later years, she may have forgotten how old she was as she stated the same age on the next census record of 1840.

It would seem logical that Pennie might have married a son of one of the Parker men living near Lewis in either Johnston or Edgecombe Counties. However, it is also possible she later met him in Surry County when her father moved there. Joseph is believed to have been the son of Jonathan Parker of Surry County. There could have been a close relation of this family to the Parker family living in Edgcombe and Johnston Counties.

As stated above, David, Benjamin, Joseph Parker and James Caps are living in Iredell County on this census while Lewis and William are living in nearby Wilkes County.

1810 IREDELL COUNTY, NC

SCALF, David

This census seems to suggest that David Scalf, (listed in Chapter II David S. Scalf - Scalf Family website) might have been married twice. When comparing this census to the 1820 census of Greenville County, South Carolina it appears David's wife on the Iredell census was older than the female listed on the 1820 census of Greenville County, South Carolina. The female age, 16 - 26 on the 1820> South Carolina census was born 1784 - 1794.

The female, assumed to be David's wife, on the 1810 census of Iredell was born 1765 - 1784 and near David's age. There appears to be a daughter born 1784 - 1794 on this census as well. This would suggest that David was married before 1784. David stated on the 1850 census of Carter County, Tennessee that he married in 1810. In 1820, in Greenville, South Carolina, a female assumed to be his wife was listed as 16 - 26 years old. This estimates her birth date to be 1784-1794.

Two children had been born 1810-1820 on the 1820 census as well. The 1820 census does coincide with information from the 1850 census of Carter County, Tennessee and David's statement of his marriage in 1810. However, it also appears that David was married twice and possibly his first wife died. This could be another explanation of the female aged 16-26 living with Lewis and Elizabeth Scalf in Wilkes County in 1810. If David's first wife died, the daughter may have gone to live with Lewis and Elizabeth and was enumerated both in David's home and again in Lewis' home. The census records I have do not list the dates of enumeration, however, and in order for this to have happened, the census taker would have taken the Iredell census before the Wilkes County census. I have seen this happen before and it might possibly have happened here. If not, we have no explanation of the female in the home of Lewis and Elizabeth in 1810 unless she was a daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth that either married or died before the enumeration of the 1820 census.

Joseph Parker appears to have two sons and four daughters on this census. Both Joseph and his wife are estimated to have been born 1765-1784. This would estimate in the approximate range of the births of Lewis' children. This census also indicates that Joseph Parker married sometime between 1790-1800 as> the oldest child was born between 1790 and 1800.

1810 Iredell County, NC Census

PARKER,  Joseph

Benjamin and Ceely Ann are living nearby and have two sons and two daughters. However, there is an older female in the home and a male in the same age range as Benjamin. We have no way of knowing who these folks are.

It would seem logical this would be the mother of Ceely Ann due to the age. However, the father of Ceely Ann is believed to have been living in 1810 but no older male is listed here. It is possible that her father had gone to Kentucky or to Tennessee in search of land at this time or possibly over to South Carolina where he had been issued land previously and her mother remained with Benjamin and Ceely until his return. The male could be a brother of Ceely Ann or another relative.

A Buckner Parker is living close to Benjamin Scalf on this census, a Gaither family is listed, Daniel Morgan and a Turner family. It is of note that the Parker, Gaither and Morgan families had marital ties. Also of note, William SCALF had a son William N. SCEALF who is believed to have married a Mary Turner. Although William N. SCEALF (son of William) would not have been born at this time, the Turner family may have traveled on to Georgia around the same time as Lewis Scalf. Turner families are found later in Habersham County, Georgia where Lewis and his son, William, were living in 1830. Some Blackburn families are living in Surry County and the Blackburn family again shows up in Habersham County, Georgia. Whether these are relatives of Elizabeth (wife of Lewis Scalf) is unknown.

This female in the home of Benjamin was born 1765 or before. Since Benjamin's mother is believed to have been dead at this time, and his father, Lewis, had remarried to Elizabeth Blackburn in 1779, this would not be Benjamin's mother. This might possibly have been Ceely Ann's mother. Maybe some of the Keziah family can contribute to this.

1810 Iredell County, NC census

SCALF, Benjamin

Sarah Scalf, daughter of Lewis, married a Cap/Caps/Capps, for she was listed in a court record of Wilkes County, North Carolina as Sarah Scalf (alias Caps). A James Cap is living nearby the Scalf family in 1810. Their estimated birth dates range 1765-1784 and this could possibly be Sarah Scalf and her husband. They have six children on this census with the oldest birth beginning in 1794-1800 and could indicate that Sarah (if this is her) also married 1790-1800 and possibly before 1790.

1810 Iredell Co. NC

CAP, James

It is difficult to determine if this could be the family of Sarah Scalf Capps with so little information. If so, then she was not the female living in the home of Lewis in 1810. John Sr. is found in Floyd County, Kentucky in 1810 with his daughters so we can rule out the female here as being one of his children.

These folks are all found again living near each other in Greenville County, South Carolina in 1820. There are two listings for William on the transcribed census copy. One is spelled SCELF and the other is spelled SKELF. One is obviously a repeat of the other but with different spellings. SKELF seems to be the most likely selection as Lewis' name is spelled SKELF on this census as well.

David Scalf is also living in Greenville County but Benjamin seems to disappear in 1820 or the name is so mutilated on the census records, it cannot be recognized. Carol Waldroup spent days looking through the NC/SC/TN and VA censuses of 1820 for Benjamin with no luck. I am very grateful for her help with this.

Only a few census records for 1820 in Tennessee survived. Washington, Carter and Sullivan Counties were not among these censuses. It is stated in Elmer's book that Benjamin went to Washington County, Tennessee at this time. Carol was unable to find confirmation of this. I have a note from my early research stating that Benjamin was in Washington County in 1820, but this probably came from Elmer's book. Neither Carol nor I have found an 1820 census for this area in Tennessee. However, since Benjamin cannot be found elsewhere, it is possible he was in Washington County and the absence of the 1820 census record might explain why he cannot be found.

There are no children in the home of Lewis in 1820, indicating that the female from the last census was either a child of one of his sons, or she was a daughter of Lewis and Elizabeth. If so, she had died or married by the time of this census. It is interesting that there are two different spellings of the name on this census. One is correct as we know it and the other is not.

This census suggests to that one reason the name was spelled differently was the pronunciation by the speaker. One theory might be that David's pronunciation of the name sounded more like (SCALF) as we know it to be, but Lewis and William might have had a slightly different accent, which caused the census taker to hear it differently.

This is copied from the microfilm and was not a transcribing error from a transcribed copy. It is my opinion that this was a major reason for the misspelling of the name throughout William's lifetime as the spelling took many twists and turns for his family. This has left many descendants of this line very frustrated with their research and being unable to determine where, or if, their lines descend from the SCALF family. Information concerning this family line will be presented in the chapter of William Scalf. William now has six children by the enumeration of this census.

1820 GREENVILLE COUNTY, SC

SKELF, Lewis

1820 GREENVILLE COUNTY, SC

SKELF, William

SCALF, David

This census coincides with what David states on the 1850 Carter County, Tennessee census. He stated he married in 1810. A female, Nancy, age 59 is on the 1850 census of Carter County, Tennessee and is assumed to be his wife. They were living with David's daughter, Sarah Scalf Taylor and her husband Levi on this census. Nancy was 59 years old and estimated to be born about 1791. Sarah was 39 and would have been born about 1811 according to the 1850 census.

The 1820 census lists a female born 1794 - 1804. This is probably Nancy. They have two daughters and two sons born 1810-1820 on this census. This should be Sarah Scalf Taylor, Malachi (Mac) Scalf, David (Dave) Scalf, and it is yet unknown who the other daughter of David was.

In view of this information, it appears that David's possible first wife (1810 Iredell census) as well as the daughter in the home may have died between 1810 and 1820. Although David states he married in 1810, it was most likely a year or so after 1810 unless the census of that year was enumerated very early and he remarried before the end of that year. If he was only married one time, then something is wrong with the ages on these two census records, which would not be impossible either.

Joseph Parker and his wife are listed here as being around the same age and born 1775 or before. The oldest children were born 1794 - 1804 and the youngest children were born 1810 - 1820. This census indicates that Joseph had five sons and five daughters. However, the Bible record shows only five sons and one daughter. It is possible some of Joseph's daughters had died or married and was not known to the author of this Bible record.

1820 Greenville Co. SC census

PARKER. Joseph

The next place we find these families is Habersham County, Georgia on the 1830 Habersham County census. This census indicates that Joseph Parker had died but a Penelope Parker is living nearby as well as Lewis' son, William and his grandson, Martin Scalf.

It is a matter of record that the land lotteries of Georgia drew many families to this area during this time. There were a total of seven land lotteries in Georgia from 1805 through 1832. The seventh lottery was actually the Gold Rush but is included by most as a lottery. I find no record that Lewis Scalf drew land in the lottery but his grandson, Martin Scalf, was one of the fortunate drawers as well as Lewis' cousin, Joseph Scalf. Lewis did purchase land in Franklin County and as Elmer suggested, he may have possibly died there instead of Habersham since the land was purchased around 1837. Lewis died before the 1840 census was enumerated.

By 1830 Lewis was getting on in years. He and Elizabeth were living in Habersham County but the records suggest that both had died by 1840. From first appearances of the 1830 census, it seems Lewis and Elizabeth had started all over with a family in Habersham County. There are a number of folks in the home on this census and one male is listed as 60-70 years old. A female is listed as 30 - 40 and these are not Lewis and Elizabeth for they are listed as 80 - 90 years old, which would be near accurate according to Lewis' birth date.

I am left with the conclusion that this 60-70 year old male is most likely, Joseph Scalf/Scaff, who is also listed as a recipient in the Georgia land lottery of 1832. Joseph was the son of John Scarfe, son of old John Scarfe (will of 1752) Pasquotank County, North Carolina. Joseph was also a Revolutionary Soldier but no pension file has been found for Joseph. A search of the Washington D.C. Archives did produce a bounty land warrant for Joseph in South Carolina but no pension file was found.

Joseph was not found as head of house in the Georgia counties in 1830, but he could have been there since he did draw land in the 1832 lottery. I believe he was the male aged 60-70 in the home of Lewis Scalf in the 1830 Habersham census. The female aged 30-40 may have been his wife or she may have been a daughter.

Joseph's father, John Scarfe, was a brother to Lewis Scalf's father, James Scarfe and as stated in the Scalf Family History, page 19, Lewis and Joseph were first cousins. Joseph and Martin Scalf were both recipients of land in the 1832 land lottery of the original Cherokee County drawing. Joseph and Martin received the following lots in the drawing.

Scalf, Martin -- ELEVENTH DISTRICT, SECOND SECTION, CHEROKEE - Lot #62 - M. Brown's Militia Dst.-- County, Habersham -- granted previous to the first day of January, 1838.

Scalf, Joseph --- Lot #319 --28th DISTRICT, THIRD SECTION, CHEROKEE --- M. Brown's Militia Dst.-- County, Habersham --granted previous to the first day of January, 1838.

A couple of other interesting recipients in this drawing were William and Squire Parker. These folks are believed to be the sons of Joseph Parker; however, it is also possible that this Squire Parker was a brother of Joseph Parker.

Lot #302 --13th DISTRICT, FOURTH SECTION, CHEROKEE -- William Parker Brown's -- County, Habersham.

Lot # 91 --NINTH DISTRICT, THIRD SECTION, CHEROKEE --Squire Parker Brown's Militia Dst.--County, Habersham --granted previous to the first day of January 1838.

All of the sons of Lewis are accounted for in 1830 and are in their own homes so the male on this census; age 60 - 70 is most likely, Joseph Scalf. John Sr. is in Russell Co. VA at this time, Benjamin and David are in Washington County, Tennessee and William is living nearby Lewis as head of house. Sarah and her husband have not been found in Georgia and we do not yet know which Capps she married but I doubt this is Sarah in the home of Lewis in 1830 due to the age. Penelope Parker is living nearby Lewis and due to the age of the female, it is doubtful that this would be either of the daughter's of Lewis. This may or may not be the wife of the male 60 - 70 or she could have been a daughter of this male.

1830 HABERSHAM CO. GA

Scalf, Lewis

We have long believed that there were at least two daughters of Lewis Scalf. One daughter we know from a court record of Wilkes County, North Carolina was Sarah Scalf Capps. The other one we have had no information on until Carol Morgan in Colorado contacted us and sent information concerning one of her husband ancestors.

From the information sent to me, along with census records of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, it is my opinion that Penelope Parker (wife of Joseph Parker) was Penelope (Pennie) Scalf, the other daughter of Lewis Scalf.

I had previously followed this Parker family living near Lewis on the census records and had often thought there must be a connection due to their being nearby each other on all these various census records. It was not until Carol Morgan contacted me that this began to make some sense.

Carol Morgan emailed me a copy of a record found in a Parker Bible stating the names of the Joseph Parker family. This will be posted on the website. Carol and her husband, David, had been told that Penelope's last name was SCALP. However, upon examination of the writing of this last name, it is my opinion that the name is actually SCALF.

Pennie is listed as head of house in the Habersham County, Georgia census and has several people in the home; however, it appears that at least one couple might have been married. The other children may belong to Pennie or they may be children of a male and female in the 20-30-age range.

1830 HABERSHAM COUNTY, GA

PARKER, Penelope

Although it is possible this is another Penelope Parker, I am of the opinion, it is the same Penelope (Pennie) from the record Carol Morgan sent. Joseph's wife, was born 1774-1784 according to the North Carolina censuses, but as we know, they often did not recall how old they were from census to census in later years and the birth date for this Penelope ranges between 1780 and 1790. If this is Lewis' daughter, she should have been 50-60 years old and might have thought she was around 50 at this census. This would not be the first time the age was forgotten.

If this Penelope was around 50 years old here, this would be close enough to allow for the variance of years considering the age variations from census to census. Recall that Benjamin Scalf was the same age on two different censuses. I believe Penelope (Pennie) has either a son and daughter-in-law, or a daughter and son-in-law in the home on this census as well.

Pennie is then found in the 1840 census of Habersham County, Georgia and is listed again as 40 - 50 years old. This suggests to me that Pennie could not recall her correct age on these censuses. Although it may seem ridiculous to some, this was fairly common. Living next door to Penelope on this census is William Parker who was most likely her son.

1840 Habersham County, Georgia, Cash's District.

Penelope PARKER

1840 Habersham County, Georgia

William PARKER

As can be seen, William Parker had two young children here, which indicates he had not been married very long and probably married 1830 - 1840 according to the ages of the children. The only William Parker I find in the Habersham County marriages who seems to fit this description is William Parker who married Margaret Mahan January 17, 1830; however, this could be a different William.

The Bible record sent to me by Carol Morgan states that Joseph Parker and Penelope SCALP had the following children:

Going back to the 1800 Surry County, North Carolina census, Joseph Parker had a male listed as age 0 - 10 in 1800. This suggests the male was born 1790 - 1800 and this could have been Squire, born 1799. There is a female on the 1800 census at age 16-26 believed to be Joseph's wife. Her birth date would estimate to be 1774 - 1784, which would be another indication she might have been a daughter of Lewis as his children were born 1765 through 1780. This would coincide with the 1810 and 1820 censuses. By the enumeration of the 1830 census, Penelope should have been at least 56 if she were born in 1774 and of course, older if born before. I am inclined to believe that she was born about 1774.

By 1820 the couple have five girls and five boys. If the census is correct, there were two males from ages 0 - 10 and three males 10 - 16. There were two females 0 - 10 and three females 16 - 26. This census reveals that three girls were born 1794 - 1804; three boys born 1804 - 1810; two girls born 1810 - 1820 and two boys born 1810 - 1820. This is a total of ten children born from 1794 to 1820 unless other family members were in the home.

There were four children not accounted for on the record sent by Carol and it is my opinion that some of the children of Joseph and Pennie died or possibly married and remained in South Carolina with the descendants not having known about them.

There are several maybe situations involved here and the fact is, we really cannot say anything is certain. What we do know is that according to the record Carol Morgan sent, Joseph and Penelope had six known living children at the time of this record. Possibly, some of the Parker researchers can help sort this out.

We have no documentation that specifically states that Penelope Scalp/Scalf Parker was the daughter of Lewis Scalf. However, considering the fact that Joseph Parker is living near Lewis with a wife and child in the 1800 Surry County, North Carolina census and this same family is then living in Iredell County near Lewis' sons in 1810 and again in Greenville County, South Carolina in 1820 and moving to Georgia near Lewis in 1830, combined with the record sent by Carol Morgan, suggests to me that Penelope (Pennie) Scalp/Scalf was the daughter of Lewis Scalf and the wife of Joseph Parker of Surry County, North Carolina. Joseph and Pennie named one of their sons Lewis and most likely for his grandfather, Lewis Scalf.

Another piece of evidence that is likely related is an abstract of a record sent to me by another Parker researcher. This record suggests that Penelope Parker was likely related to the Scalf family. One of the witnesses on this record was Silas B. Robertson, a son-in-law of William SCALF, son of Lewis Scalf.

Interestingly, a Thomas Robertson is living near William and David Scalf and Joseph Parker in the 1810 Nouth Carolina census. A Thomas Forrester is living near them in the 1820 South Carolina census. A Hiram Forrester later married a daughter of William Scalf in Georgia. Relationship to Thomas, if any, is unknown.

BANKS CO GA DEED BOOK A [30 MAR 1859- 02 OCT 1874]. See page 054 for entry on 03 MAY 1859 for "Lewis PARKER of Habersham Co, grantor and Squire PARKER of the same place, agreed on a divisional line of land which widow PARKER lived on at the time of her death; Lewis PARKER relinquishes title to all the land west of said divisional line.

WITNESS: James CROCKER, Silas B. ROBERTSON

Proved by James CROCKER in Banks Co GA on 30 MAY 1859. W. G. SCALES, Justice of Peace. (Submitted by Ray Parker).

Banks County was formed from parts of Habersham in 1858. This record specifically states the widow Parker. If the widow Parker was in fact, Penelope Parker, as I believe her to be, then this record confirms that Joseph Parker had died.

Silas B. Robertson married Charity Scalf on June 10, 1833 in Habersham County, Georgia. Charity is believed to be the daughter of William Scalf, son of Lewis. Charity has also been confused as Charity SELF. The transcribed copy of this marriage records the name as SHELF, a likely error between the (H) and (K). These letters have been mistaken in the name of Ceely Ann Koziah as being Hoziah. Due to the fact that William's name was spelled SKELF in the 1820 census, I am inclined to believe that this same thing happened on this marriage record and the transcriber saw SHELF instead of SKELF.

The record sent to me of Joseph and Penelope's children lists a Lewis Parker and a Squire Parker as children of Joseph and Penelope. The deed above appears to be land they inherited at the death of their mother, Penelope.

Penelope is not found on the 1850 census of Habersham or surrounding counties and according to the above deed had apparently died by May of 1859. Some of her children can be found in the surrounding counties.

Joseph Parker cannot be found in Greenville County, South Carolina after 1820 and does not show up in Georgia. This is another reason I believe this to be his wife, Penelope (Pennie) Parker listed as head of house in the 1830 Habersham County census. This indicates that Joseph died sometime between the enumeration of the 1820 and 1830 census. The last record of Lewis Scalf in Greenville County, South Carolina is an 1825 deed, indicating that he left South Carolina 1825-1830 and is found in Habersham County, Georgia by 1830.

We do not know at this time who the parents of Joseph Parker might have been but there are two possibilities. Jonathan Parker of Surry County, North Carolina who left his will in 1808 naming his children or one of the Parker families of the Johnston/Edgecombe County, North Carolina area. A message on the Parker family forum states that Jonathan of Surry County did have a son, Joseph. This Jonathan Parker owned a plantation in Surry County at his death. This plantation was divided between two sons, Squire and Jonathan Parker Jr. Since there are a number of Joseph Parkers it would be difficult to determine if this Joseph was the son of Jonathan but the information I have seen suggests it very strongly.

Since it is likely that Joseph married around 1790 -1800, the Parker families of Johnston and Edgecombe should also be considered. It is also possible the families in Johnston and Edgecombe were related to the Jonothan Parker family of Surry County and could explain why Joseph Parker and Lewis Scalf were in Surry County, North Carolina in 1800.

There does not appear to be a Joseph Parker in the Surry, Wilkes or Iredell area in 1830 so we can safely assume from this that Joseph did not return to Surry from Greeneville County, South Carolina. The Parker family can be traced back through North Carolina in many of the counties.

Although I know little about the Parker family, it appears from a study of the early records that a number of this family migrated from Virginia into North Carolina at what is now Gates County, North Carolina from Nansemond County, Virginia as many of the colonial settlers made their way to the Carolinas by this route beginning around the 1650s. It is unknown at this point, what connection this family might have to the Parkers of Jamestown in 1624 but are most likely descendants.

Elizabeth City County, Virginia was an original shire created in 1624. In 1636 New Forfolk County, Virginia was created from Elizabeth City County then divided into Upper Norfolk and Lower Norfolk Counties. Nansemond County was created in 1637 from Upper Norfolk County and the name change to Nansemond in1645. Lower Norfolk County became Princess Ann and is now consolidated with the city of Virginia Beach.

One William Parker is listed on the 1624 Jamestown census living in Elizabeth City County. I believe this to be the same William Parker who was captured by Powhatten and remained with the tribe for around three years before being discovered. (See writings of Raphe Hamor, pg. 44 - A True Discourse Of The Present Estate of Virginia, 1614).

There is a Richard PACKE living in Elizabeth City County in 1624 that I believe could have been a misinterpretation of the name, PARKER. Since I have been looking through records on the Parker family, I have found this name to be confused with PARKES as well as BARKER. The early writings have a tendency to cause some of these letters to appear the same and it is understandable how these names could be confused and misinterpreted.

On the Eastern Shore in 1624, is a Thomas PARKE as well and again, I feel this was most likely intended to be Thomas Parker. If these names are PARKER, then these folks may have been father and two sons or three brothers who were pioneers of the Jamestown Settlement of 1624.

According to the writings of Hamor, this William Parker was captured while working and taken to Powhatten's village. Mr. Hamor mentions in his writings when he met William in Powhatten's village, that he must inform Mr. Parker's brother that he had seen him. He was seeking William Parker's release from Powhatten. After some amount of persuasion, Powhatten did agree to the release of William Parker and I assume he returned home. Note that Hamor states, He must inform Mr. Parker's brother that he had seen him. Obviously, this William Parker had a brother in Jamestown.

The following are sons of Penelope and Joseph Parker from the 1850 census. This was forwarded to me from Carol Morgan. According to the marriage records of Habersham County, Georgia, Joseph Parker, Jr. married Rebecca Smith in Habersham County, Georgia November 28, 1839. On the 1850 census, Joseph Jr. states he was born in South Carolina and his birth date estimates around 1818. His parents were probably living in South Carolina at that time since they were found there on the census of 1820. The first child on this census appears to have been born around 1837 but again, this could be an error. Note that Joseph Jr.'s estimated birth is different on the 1860 census than the 1850 census.

Habersham, 1850 16th District 87 Division

Joseph and Rebecca moved from Habersham County to Fulton County by the enumeration of the 1860 census.

1860 Fulton Co., GA Black Hill District

Joseph Parker	46	M	Farm Labor	SC	(B) 1814
Rebea (Rebecca)	47	F		"
Nancy	23	F		GA
Lewis M.	20	M	Farm Labor	"
Sarah	18	F		"
Robert	16	M	Farm Labor	"
Joseph W.	11	M		"
William	10	M
David	8	M
John	6	M

This is a list of the names of the children of Joseph Parker Jr. and Rebecca Smith Parker sent by Carol Morgan.
Lewis Parker
Nancy Parker
Sally Parker
Robert Parker
Joseph Parker
William Parker
Lisha Parker
David Parker
John Martin Parker
Emma Parker

There seems to be a difference in the names from the census records but there were probably children born after this census, which would account for some of the extra names.

This William Parker in Clayton County, Georgia may or may not be the brother of Joseph Jr.

1860 Clayton Co., GA

Note: Believe this William Parker to be the brother of Joseph Jr. The age fits.

There are discrepancies in the years of birth from the censuses as can be found with many census records. However, there seems to be a good deal of information that suggests that Penelope (Pennie) Parker, wife of Joseph Parker, was the daughter of Lewis Scalf. The descendants of this family have always believed this name to be SCALP.

In my research of the very early records, I have not found, nor do I know of any family with this name although one could exist. As with any genealogy, information is subject to change. However, at this time, I am satisfied with the above evidence that Penelope (Pennie) SCALP/SCALF Parker was the daughter of Lewis Scalf until further evidence proves otherwise.

Joseph Parker, Jr. and Rebecca Smith Parker had a son, John Martin Parker, who married Nancy Margaret Hindman. This is the line from which Carol's husband, David Morgan, descends. David and Carol graciously sent us a photograph of this couple and some of their children. John Martin would be the son listed as six years old in the 1860 census, estimating his birth date around 1854.

It is our hope that someone in the Parker family has information that will help confirm or deny this Parker-Scalf connection. Carol and David have been researching this family and would like to correspond with any Parker family who might have information.

Many thanks to Carol Waldroup for her dedication and many hours in searching for these families on the census records.

We are also grateful to Carol and David Morgan for contacting us with this very valuable piece.

Copyright (C) 2002-2003 by Margaret Fleenor, All Rights Reserved.